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Aspiring to crack the judiciary exams? Understanding contract law is a must! From offer and acceptance to breach and remedies, landmark cases shape Indian jurisprudence and provide critical insights into legal doctrines. By analyzing these cases, judiciary aspirants can strengthen their exam preparation, sharpen their legal reasoning, and develop a deeper grasp of contract law concepts.
Let’s dive into the Top 5 Contract Law Cases every judiciary aspirant must know! And for expert guidance and in-depth legal insights, check out Edzorb Law, your ultimate partner in judiciary exam preparation. 📚⚖️
1️⃣ Mohori Bibee v. Dharmodas Ghose (1903)
🔹 Facts:
Dharmodas Ghose, a minor, mortgaged his property to Brahmo Dutt, a moneylender. At the time of the transaction, Brahmo Dutt’s agent was aware that Ghose was a minor. Later, Ghose filed a suit, arguing that the mortgage was void as he was legally incapable of entering into a contract.
🔹 Ratio Decidendi:
The Privy Council held that a contract with a minor is void ab initio under Section 11 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872. Since a minor lacks the legal capacity to contract, any agreement entered into by a minor is unenforceable.
📌 Relevant Section:
- Section 11: Competency to contract
2️⃣ Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. (1893) 💡
🔹 Facts:
The Carbolic Smoke Ball Company advertised that anyone who used their product as directed and still contracted influenza would be entitled to £100. Mrs. Carlill followed the instructions but still fell ill. She sued the company to claim the reward.
🔹 Ratio Decidendi:
The court ruled that the advertisement was a unilateral offer, which Mrs. Carlill accepted by performing the conditions specified. This case established that an advertisement can constitute an offer to the public if it contains a clear promise.
📌 Relevant Section:
- Section 8: Acceptance by performing the conditions of a proposal
3️⃣ Balfour v. Balfour (1919)
🔹 Facts:
Mr. Balfour, working in Ceylon, promised to pay his wife a monthly allowance while she stayed in England. Their relationship soured, and Mrs. Balfour sued for the allowance. Mr. Balfour argued that the agreement wasn’t legally binding.
🔹 Ratio Decidendi:
The court ruled that agreements between spouses are not contracts unless there is a clear intention to create legal relations. The agreement in this case was purely domestic and not enforceable.
📌 Relevant Section:
- Section 10: What agreements are contracts (must include intention to create legal relations)
4️⃣ Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co. Ltd. v. Selfridge & Co. Ltd. (1915)
🔗
🔹 Facts:
Dunlop, a tire manufacturer, had an agreement with Dew & Co., a dealer, that the dealer wouldn’t sell Dunlop’s tires below a fixed price. However, Dew sold the tires to Selfridge, who resold them at a lower price. Dunlop sued Selfridge.
🔹 Ratio Decidendi:
The court ruled that Dunlop could not sue Selfridge because there was no direct contract between them. This case cemented the privity of contract principle—only parties to a contract can enforce it.
📌 Relevant Section:
- Section 2(h): Definition of a contract (requires privity of contract)
5️⃣ Hadley v. Baxendale (1854) ⚖️
🔹 Facts:
Hadley’s mill stopped due to a broken crankshaft. He contracted with Baxendale to deliver the shaft for repairs. Due to a delay, Hadley suffered heavy financial losses and sued Baxendale for breach of contract.
🔹 Ratio Decidendi:
The court ruled that Hadley couldn’t recover damages as the loss was not within the reasonable contemplation of both parties when the contract was formed. This case established the rule of remoteness of damages—only foreseeable losses or those communicated in advance can be claimed.
📌 Relevant Section:
- Section 73: Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract
🎯 Conclusion: Strengthen Your Contract Law Concepts with Edzorb Law! 📖✨
Mastering these landmark contract law cases will significantly enhance your judiciary exam preparation. They provide practical insights into how legal doctrines shape real-world decisions.
Want to boost your legal acumen? Get expert guidance, structured courses, and exam-oriented legal analysis at Edzorb Law, your trusted companion for cracking the judiciary exams! 🚀📚
✨ “Law is not just about rules; it’s about understanding justice and applying it with precision.” ✨
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